Dr. Ravi Teja Rudraraju

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Effects of a Partial Meniscectomy on Articular Cartilage

Understanding the Meniscus

The menisci play a crucial role in joint function, serving as shock absorbers and contributing to knee stability. Despite their importance, repairing a meniscus tear can be challenging due to its limited blood supply, especially in the inner thin region where suturing is often not feasible. However, preserving the meniscus whenever possible is essential for maintaining joint health.

Effects of Partial Medial Meniscectomy

Arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy is a common procedure, but it comes with risks. Patients who undergo this surgery are at a significantly higher risk of developing knee osteoarthritis later in life. Moreover, many patients experience quadriceps strength deficits and reduced physical function post-surgery, which can persist for an extended period. Addressing quadriceps weakness through immediate postoperative physical therapy is crucial to minimize arthritis progression.

Partial Meniscectomy and Articular Cartilage

Young athletes who undergo partial or full meniscectomy are at a high risk of developing osteoarthritis later in life. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective drugs to prevent or slow down osteoarthritis progression, and surgical interventions for partial cartilage lesions are limited. The management of osteoarthritis mainly focuses on symptom relief through exercise, injections, and ultimately, joint replacement surgery.

Effects of Meniscectomy on Gait Mechanics

Meniscectomy alters gait mechanics, leading to increased external rotation during walking, which can overload the cartilage and contribute to arthritis progression. Additionally, knee motion is often reduced in the operated limb compared to the non-operated limb, highlighting the importance of early rehabilitation to restore motion. Inflammatory cytokines released after injury can further exacerbate cartilage wear, emphasizing the need to address inflammation promptly.

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Conclusion

Preserving the meniscus whenever possible is crucial for maintaining joint health and reducing the risk of arthritis. Patients undergoing meniscectomy should receive immediate postoperative physical therapy to address strength deficits and restore motion, ultimately minimizing the risk of arthritis progression. Early intervention to address inflammation and pain is also essential for preventing further cartilage damage and maintaining joint function.

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